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Ciudad vieja de Santiago de Compostela(Santiago de Compostela)

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Description

The Old City of Santiago de Compostela was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1985 for its cathedral and the historic ensemble that surrounds it. It exerted a decisive influence in northern Spain thanks to the city's link to one of the most important phenomena in medieval history, the Pilgrim's Route to Santiago de Compostela, a fact that was fundamental in considering its inclusion on the List. The importance of this pilgrimage route was also recognised by UNESCO, which included the French Way on the World Heritage List.

Santiago de Compostela, built on the site of a dolmen necropolis and a Celtic castro, as well as Roman remains, is an extraordinary monumental complex, a harmonious historic city that is very well preserved, as can be seen in its squares and narrow streets with Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical buildings. The fundamental milestone was the discovery in the early 9th century of the tomb of the apostle St. James, from which the city experienced strong growth and development, becoming an important pilgrimage centre that competed with Rome and Jerusalem in attracting pilgrims. It thus became, during the Middle Ages, a centre of cultural and human exchange. At the end of the 10th century it was sacked by Almanzor. Completely rebuilt in the following century, it became a place of great influence and prestige in the 11th and 12th centuries.

The cathedral, begun in 1075, is a masterpiece of Romanesque architecture that houses the Portico de la Gloria, a jewel of medieval sculpture, and the western Baroque façade, which forms one of the sides of the Plaza del Obradoiro. The importance of the city lies fundamentally in its role as a centre of pilgrimage for medieval Christianity, the goal of a route that was reflected in the sky. Pilgrims reached Compostela guided by the Milky Way, which traces a path of stars on clear nights that came to be known as the Way of St. James.

The Old City of Santiago perfectly integrates different styles with local traditions. The result of this mixture is an ensemble in which Galician architecture, with its typical wooden galleries and traditional materials such as stone, wood and iron, is combined with great monuments that constitute a splendid journey through the history of European and universal art.

Image of Ciudad vieja de Santiago de Compostela