Countries<Spain<Comunidad Valenciana<Alicante< Castillo de Santa Bárbara

Castillo de Santa Bárbara(Alicante)

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Description

The image of the mountain from the beach resembles a face, which is why it is called "the face of the Moor" and is an icon of the city of Alicante.

Archaeological remains from the Bronze Age, Iberian and Roman times have been found on its slopes, although the origin of the current fortress is to be found at the end of the 9th century with the Muslim domination.

The castle was given the name of Santa Bárbara because on her feast day, 4 December 1248, it was taken from the Arabs by the prince Alfonso of Castile, the future King Alfonso X the Wise. In 1296 James II took possession of the entire site for the Crown of Aragon and ordered it to be remodelled. Almost a century later, Peter IV the Ceremonious ordered the enclosure to be rectified and King Charles I ordered it to be fortified at the beginning of the 16th century.

It was not until the reign of Philip II that the castle underwent a major refurbishment, with the construction of most of the buildings that we can see today. The bombardments that Alicante suffered in 1691 by the French squadron and the military actions carried out against the castle in the period 1706-1709, during the War of Succession, when it was in the hands of the English, seriously affected the entire enclosure, which suffered the last military action in 1873 when the armoured frigate "Numancia", in the hands of cantonalist rebels from Cartagena, launched its projectiles at the town and its castle, which would be dismantled twenty years later.
During the Spanish Civil War, it was first used to hold prisoners who supported the Nationalist side, and later prisoners who supported the Second Republic, most of whom came from the port of Alicante and the Los Almendros concentration camp. The marks and engravings of those prisoners can still be seen today in some areas of the castle. It was used as a Francoist concentration camp until the end of 1939.
Until 1963, when it was opened to the public, it was abandoned.

The castle is divided into three distinct enclosures:
The first of these is the highest, and is known as "La torreta" (the turret) as it contains the old keep. It has the oldest remains of the whole fortress, some foundations from the 11th to 13th centuries.

The middle enclosure corresponds to the most important rooms completed in 1580: Philip II Hall, the old Troop Corps in front of the large Parade Ground, behind which are the ruins of the Santa Bárbara chapel, the Guard Corps, the Queen's Bastion, etc.

The lower enclosure dates from the 18th century, where we find the Revellín del Bon Repós, which currently serves as a car park and where the monument to the illustrious military man from Alicante, Félix Berenguer de Marquina, who was Captain General of the Philippines and Viceroy of New Spain, is located. The large white marble coat of arms (18th century) above the entrance door to the second enclosure used to be in the Real Consulado del Mar (Royal Consulate of the Sea), a building destroyed by an explosion.

Inside is the Museum of the City of Alicante (MUSA), made up of five rooms that are complemented by the Renaissance Aljibe (water cistern).

Image of Castillo de Santa Bárbara