Countries<Ukraine<Zakarpattia<Úzhgorod< Holy Cross Greek Catholic Cathedral

Holy Cross Greek Catholic Cathedral(Úzhgorod)

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Description

Built back in 1646 as a church for a Jesuit monastery, today it is one of the most recognizable architectural symbols of the capital of Transcarpathia and a witness of its ancient history. It is located on the Castle Hill, in the historic center of Uzhgorod.

The Holy Cross Cathedral has a long and quite interesting history. Its foundation was laid in 1640. The permission for the construction and the land was granted by the then owner of the city - Count Ivan Druget. He became the ideological inspirer of the construction of the shrine, invited experienced Jesuit monks to implement his plans. The cathedral initially served as a temple of the Jesuit monastery, and only in 1773 Pope Clement abolished the Jesuit order and transferred the shrine to the Mukachevo Greek Catholic Eparchy. After that, Bishop Andriy Bachynsky rebuilt the church in accordance with the requirements of the Eastern rite, additionally built a chapel of the Assumption of the Virgin. On October 15, 1780, after the completion of all works, the Holy Cross Cathedral was consecrated. This is evidenced by the inscription in Latin on the memorial plaque under the portal of the temple.

The next thorough renovation of the church interior was carried out by Bishop Vasyl Popovych in 1858. Then the iconostasis in the Baroque style was rebuilt, marble arabesques were applied to the walls. And the diocesan artist Ferdinand Vydra painted the vaults of the shrine. It was he who created a large image of the "Exaltation of the Holy Cross" on the ceiling. In 1877, architect Luca Fabri designed the church in the neoclassical style, combining it with neo-baroque trends. A magnificent portico with four Corinthian columns was added in front of the entrance, and a clock was installed on one of the towers. It is in this form that the Holy Cross Cathedral can be seen today.

Partial repairs in 1903 and 1927 were carried out by Bishops Julius Firtsak and Petro Gebei. In February 1949, the Holy Cross Cathedral was confiscated by the Soviet authorities and handed over to the Orthodox denomination. And only in 1991 the shrine was returned to the Greek Catholic community. In the period from 2012 to 2015, the restoration of the Sanctuary of the Cathedral continued: more than five hundred square meters of artistic painting were restored. In 2014-2015, the roof and exterior facades were repaired.

The Holy Cross Cathedral combines the features of two styles - neo-baroque and classicism. The first thing that catches the eye when looking at the cathedral is its height and majesty, the predominance of light colors in the design, monumentality. At the same time, the building looks light and graceful. Three-tiered domes with chimes, red marble stairs and a portico with columns make it simply unique. No connoisseur of high art can pass by such a masterpiece of architecture. In addition to the external splendor of the temple, it is worth noting its internal beauty. In the interior we see a combination of different styles and time periods in which it was formed. Among the elements of decoration, you should pay attention to the following:
- The oldest elements are the side altars of the central chapels, which have been preserved from the period when the church belonged to the Jesuit order. On the left altar there is an image of the Crucifixion with the Coming Ones (below) and the Protection of the Blessed Virgin Mary (above) by Ferdinand Vydra. The right altar contains the images "Coronation of Mary" and "The Mother of God with the Child and the upcoming disciple", which are the works of the famous Transcarpathian artist - Yosyp Bokshay.
- The iconostasis of 1779 is incredibly beautiful and interesting. Decorative elements with a significant influence of rococo and classicism allow us to characterize its style as Teresian.
- The Holy Cross Cathedral has a unique royal gate, which harmoniously combines picturesque planes with a mass of carvings. Their top is crowned with a bishop's crosier and a mitre.
- In addition to the iconostasis, the preserved elements of the 18th century are a throne with a canopy of 1779 and an altar and a deaconry of 1781. The altar contains the image of "Thomas' unbelief", on which Christ seems to address not Thomas, but a man.
- The Holy Cross Cathedral impresses with its monumentality and a large number of images. The apotheosis of the interior decoration is the plafond composition "Exaltation of the Holy Cross", made in the spirit of the late Baroque by Joseph Bokshay. The work of the talented artist can also be seen on the altar of St. Theresa, located in the narthex.
- The cathedral has its own dungeons, where Mukachevo bishops were buried in the crypt since the foundation of the church: Andriy Bachynsky, Vasyl Popovich, Oleksiy Povchiy. The last buried here was Mukachevo Bishop Theodore Romzha.

The Holy Cross Cathedral is an incredibly beautiful temple both inside and outside. Its decoration has recently become a square opposite with a statue of the Austrian Empress Maria Theresa, who played a significant role in the religious life of the region.

Image of Holy Cross Greek Catholic Cathedral